Rare Seahorse Discovery Raises Alarm Over Marine Pollution in Dhamra Estuary

Concerning Marine Pollution Findings

Bhubaneswar: A troubling indication of rising marine pollution has emerged as scientists document the first-ever capture of the vulnerable seahorse species, ‘Hippocampus kelloggi’, caught in a ghost net at the Dhamra estuary. This alarming find has raised serious concerns regarding the rampant disposal of abandoned fishing gear in aquatic environments and its detrimental effects on marine ecosystems.

The rare seahorse was discovered during a routine ecological assessment conducted by a research team led by marine biologist Debashish Mahapatra, alongside colleagues Sangita Mishra, Sarada S Pati, and others.

Their findings, recently published in the National Academy Science Letters, highlight the presence of the ‘Kellogg’s’ seahorse, which is classified as ‘Vulnerable’ by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

Mahapatra expressed, “This discovery serves as a significant warning. The presence of a ‘Hippocampus Kelloggi’ in a ghost net underscores not only the biodiversity richness in the Dhamra area but also the severe threats posed by human activities.”

Ghost nets, also referred to as ALDFG (Abandoned, Lost or Discarded Fishing Gear), represent one of the most dangerous types of marine pollution. Annually, over 640,000 tonnes of such gear are lost in oceans worldwide, endangering marine life.

These nets continue to ensnare and kill marine creatures long after being discarded, hence their nickname ‘ghost’ nets.

Seahorses are particularly at risk due to their fragile biology and the high demand for them in traditional medicine, ornamental trade, and aquariums. Despite existing legal protections, illegal capture and trade remain prevalent in various regions, including parts of the Indo-Pacific, known for its seahorse diversity.

The study indicates that these incidents extend beyond ecological issues, potentially impacting socio-economic conditions. Mahapatra noted, “Fishing communities rely on healthy marine ecosystems. The ongoing presence of ghost nets could significantly disrupt local livelihoods.”

The research team is advocating for urgent policy measures, including the removal and regulation of ghost nets, the promotion of sustainable fishing practices, and the enhancement of marine conservation efforts.

Mishra, a co-author of the study, stated, “This situation is not merely about one seahorse. It serves as a caution regarding the broader ecological collapse that may ensue if marine pollution is not urgently addressed.”

The findings are anticipated to invigorate ongoing policy discussions concerning the conservation of India’s coastal and marine biodiversity, with experts urging governmental and environmental organizations to take prompt action to prevent further harm.