Innovative Retrofit System to Transform Diesel Engines for Hydrogen Use

Introduction to the Retrofit Initiative
India is embarking on a significant initiative to convert older vehicles to utilize clean fuel technology through retrofitment. The Ministry's efforts to modernize existing machinery have led to a promising technological breakthrough. Researchers at UNSW have developed a prototype retrofit system capable of operating on 90% hydrogen, which could drastically lower carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions while enhancing efficiency by an estimated 26%.
Overview of the Retrofit System
Currently in its early phases, this program does not represent a complete transition to green diesel engines. Instead, it provides a viable option for businesses to cut down on emissions without discarding valuable assets that still have a long service life.
Components of the New System
The retrofit system is engineered to replace the traditional diesel injection mechanism by integrating hydrogen directly into the engine. It will also allow for independent control of injection timing for both hydrogen and diesel. A key advantage of this retrofit is its capability to efficiently utilize low-quality hydrogen.
Emission Reduction Techniques
The development team has demonstrated that the stratified hydrogen injection method can create varying concentrations within the cylinder, leading to nitrous oxide emissions that are significantly lower than those produced by standard diesel engines.
Government Support and Future Prospects
The Indian government is incorporating hydrogen processing into its broader strategy for sustainable mobility. If the necessary infrastructure is established, these retrofit kits could become widely adopted.
Commercialization Efforts
UNSW is actively working towards the commercialization of these retrofit kits, aiming to cater to fleet and generator operators, such as those in mining, who already have hydrogen supplies available at their locations.
Emerging Competitors in Retrofit Technology
Other companies are also innovating in the retrofit space, including the HYDI – a Direct Injection Device that generates hydrogen while driving. This system requires periodic water refills, making it independent of hydrogen fueling stations, and can reduce fuel consumption by 5–13%.