Breastfeeding and Allergies: A Guide to Infant Allergy Risks

Breastfeeding is widely recognized as the best method of feeding infants during the early developmental stages. The benefits of breastfeeding extend beyond basic nutrition, as breast milk is rich in essential nutrients and immune-boosting properties that play a key role in protecting the infant's health. However, despite these numerous benefits, some infants may develop allergies, which can be a problem for parents and healthcare providers alike.

Understanding Infant Allergies
Allergies in infants can occur when the immune system overreacts to certain proteins present in breast milk or foods introduced during the weaning process. The most common allergens that can trigger allergic reactions in infants include cow's milk proteins, eggs, peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, soy, fish and shellfish. Moreover, infants may also react adversely to allergens received through the mother's diet, as some proteins may pass through breast milk.

Allergic reactions in children
Recognizing signs of allergy in infants is paramount for early intervention and effective management. Allergic reactions can manifest in a variety of ways, and their severity can range from mild to severe. Common symptoms of infant allergies include:

Skin rash: Allergic reactions can often manifest as skin rashes, such as eczema (atopic dermatitis) or hives (urticaria). These rashes appear as red, itchy and inflamed patches on the skin and can vary in severity. The immune system's response to allergens triggers the release of histamine, which leads to skin inflammation and the characteristic rash.

Gastrointestinal distress: Allergies can cause gastrointestinal symptoms in infants, such as vomiting, diarrhea, colic, or excessive spitting up (reflux). When an allergen is ingested, the body may perceive it as harmful, resulting in an inflammatory response in the gastrointestinal tract. This inflammation can lead to various digestive problems, disrupt normal bowel movements and cause discomfort.