Concerns Rise Over Forest Land Encroachment in Assam

Encroachment Issues in Assam's Reserved Forests

Guwahati, Aug 8: The encroachment of reserved forest areas across Assam has emerged as a significant issue. Current data indicates that over 3.78 lakh hectares of forest land remain encroached. This situation not only diminishes the state's forest cover, contributing to climate change, but also escalates conflicts between humans and elephants.

As per the forest department's records, Assam's total reserved forest area spans 18.12 lakh hectares, with more than 3.87 lakh hectares reported as encroached as of March 31, 2021. In recent years, the government has undertaken multiple eviction operations, successfully reclaiming 11,925 hectares. Notable eviction successes include 14.40 sq km in Lumding, 17.50 sq km in Poba, 20.99 sq km in Burachapori, 5.88 sq km in Karimganj, 4.72 sq km in Mangaldoi, 28 sq km in Orang, and 12 sq km in Golaghat.

According to official sources, eviction efforts aimed at removing encroachments from reserved forests will persist to enhance the state's forest cover.

Additionally, plantation initiatives have commenced in several areas that were cleared, with a target to plant one crore seedlings over the next few years. Some evicted regions have seen the growth of tall grass, and wildlife movement has been observed.

When questioned about the extensive encroachment in Assam's reserved forests, sources acknowledged that some forest officials have been complicit, either directly or indirectly aiding encroachers or ignoring the illegal activities. Several senior officials have faced legal action for their involvement.

Political backing has also played a role, with instances where encroachers received support that hindered departmental actions. For instance, the Amchang reserved forest near Guwahati has faced encroachment due to such political influence. Encroachers have even benefited from government schemes, including water and electricity connections. Despite the potential for imprisonment under Forest Laws, very few cases have resulted in actual imprisonment for encroachment in Assam.

Sources emphasized the necessity for political determination to evict encroachers, alongside improved coordination among forest officials, civil administration, and police. The presence of a magistrate during eviction operations is crucial to prevent potential law and order issues.

In response to inquiries about staffing shortages within the forest department, sources revealed that approximately 600 positions remain unfilled. The first battalion of the Forest Protection Force was established in 1986, with two additional battalions formed in 2010 and 2023. The creation of another battalion is expected to significantly enhance operational effectiveness.

Recently, the department has acquired arms and ammunition valued at Rs 17 crore, with new vehicles being procured gradually.