Understanding Ovarian Cancer: Key Prevention Tips for Women

Ovarian cancer is often termed a 'silent killer' due to its subtle symptoms that can lead to late diagnosis. Medical experts emphasize the importance of awareness and lifestyle changes to mitigate risks. Dr. Neeti Raizada highlights that ovarian cancer is rapidly increasing among women, often going undetected until advanced stages. Recognizing early symptoms, maintaining a healthy weight, and consulting healthcare professionals about birth control and hormone therapy are crucial steps for prevention. Regular check-ups and attention to family history can further aid in early detection. This article provides vital insights into understanding ovarian cancer and actionable prevention strategies.

By Narendra Chaudhary May 11, 2026, 12:57 IST

Introduction to Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian cancer is often referred to as a 'silent killer' due to its subtle symptoms that can easily go unnoticed by women. By the time the disease is diagnosed, it frequently reaches an advanced stage. Medical professionals believe that increasing awareness and making certain lifestyle changes can significantly reduce this deadly threat.

Rising Threat of Ovarian Cancer

According to Dr. Neeti Raizada, Director at Fortis Hospital, ovarian cancer is becoming one of the most rapidly increasing serious illnesses among women. This type of cancer develops in the ovaries, which are crucial components of the female reproductive system. Experts indicate that ovarian cancer has become one of the fastest-growing cancers among women, following breast cancer. The formation of small cysts in the ovaries can affect fertility and lead to complications during pregnancy.

Challenges in Early Detection

Dr. Raizada emphasizes that the greatest danger of ovarian cancer lies in its early symptoms, which are often very common. As a result, many women only recognize the disease in its third or fourth stage, by which time it has often spread significantly, making treatment more challenging. This is why it is labeled a silent killer. Experts suggest that if women can recognize the signs early and undergo regular check-ups, it is possible to detect and treat the disease in its initial stages.

Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer

Abdominal swelling

Difficulties in eating or feeling full quickly

Frequent or urgent need to urinate

Pain in the back, abdomen, or pelvis

Constipation or diarrhea

Irregular menstrual cycles

Feeling fatigued

Indigestion or persistent stomach issues

Pain and bleeding during intercourse

Unexplained weight loss or gain

Importance of Weight Management

Experts warn that excess weight can increase the risk of various cancers, including ovarian cancer, not just heart disease and diabetes. Obesity can lead to hormonal changes in the body, promoting the growth of abnormal cells in the ovaries. A report from the International Agency for Research on Cancer indicates that excess body fat increases inflammation and insulin levels. Research shows that obesity alters estrogen levels in the body, which can lead to mutations in ovarian cells that cause cancer. To maintain a healthy weight, it is advisable to exercise regularly and include fresh fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and protein-rich foods in the diet while minimizing sugary and processed foods.

Consult a Doctor Before Taking Birth Control Pills

Some studies suggest that long-term use of oral contraceptive pills may reduce the risk of ovarian cancer. Experts believe these pills can decrease ovulation, thereby reducing pressure on the ovaries. Research published in The Lancet indicates that women who take oral contraceptives for at least five years can reduce their risk of ovarian cancer by up to 50%. This protective effect can last for several years after discontinuing the pills, as they interrupt the ovulation process. However, since every woman's body is different, it is essential to consult a doctor before starting any form of birth control.

Caution with Hormone Therapy

Many women resort to hormone replacement therapy (HRT) during menopause, but prolonged use can increase the risk of ovarian cancer in some cases. An analysis of over 50 studies by Oxford University found that women who take HRT for five years after menopause have a 40% increased risk of ovarian cancer. Researchers recommend that HRT should only be used for severe symptoms and for the shortest duration possible under medical supervision. It is crucial to understand both the benefits and risks of starting HRT.

Family History Matters

If a woman has a family history of breast or ovarian cancer, it is vital to remain vigilant. Experts indicate that genetic factors can elevate the risk of this disease. According to the National Cancer Institute, approximately 15% of ovarian cancer cases are due to genetic mutations. Women with a family history of breast or ovarian cancer should undergo regular health check-ups, necessary screenings, and consult with their doctors periodically.

Avoid Smoking and Excessive Alcohol

Smoking can harm not only the lungs but also women's reproductive health. Certain types of ovarian cancer have been linked to smoking. Additionally, excessive alcohol consumption can disrupt hormonal balance and weaken the immune system. Adopting a healthy lifestyle is considered beneficial in reducing cancer risk.

Regular Check-ups and Awareness

The early signs of ovarian cancer often resemble common issues such as bloating, abdominal pain, decreased appetite, or fatigue. If these symptoms persist for an extended period, they should not be ignored. Timely check-ups and appropriate treatment can help catch this disease in its early stages.

Disclaimer

This information is for general awareness. Always consult a doctor or specialist if you experience any health issues or symptoms.