Understanding Menstruation: Facts and Myths

Menstruation is often surrounded by myths and confusion. This article delves into the facts about menstrual cycles, addressing common questions about why they occur, the hormonal changes involved, and whether it's safe to engage in sexual activity during this time. Additionally, it discusses the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and offers insights into activities women can pursue while on their period. Understanding these aspects can help demystify menstruation and promote better health awareness.

By Narendra Chaudhary May 1, 2026, 09:20 IST

What Happens During Menstruation?

Many women experience unusual sensations when their menstrual cycle begins. During this time, they often find themselves questioning whether engaging in sexual activity is appropriate. Let's explore this topic further.

Menstruation Explained

There are numerous myths surrounding menstruation, leading many women to feel confused. Despite this, they often hesitate to discuss it openly, which results in them believing in hearsay. A common question among women is why menstruation occurs and whether it is safe to have sex during this time. Here are some facts that can help clarify these doubts.

Why Does Menstruation Occur?

Each month, an egg matures in a woman's ovaries. Once matured, it travels through the fallopian tubes to the uterus. If it encounters sperm, fertilization occurs, and the uterus prepares for pregnancy by developing soft tissues to welcome the fertilized egg. However, if fertilization does not happen, these tissues and the egg are expelled from the body, resulting in menstruation.

How Does Menstruation Work?

During menstruation, various hormones fluctuate within the body. The four primary hormones involved are estrogen, progesterone, LH, and FSH. Just before the egg is released from the ovaries, estrogen levels surge, leading to the formation of new cells in the uterus, which can make women feel more energetic. After the egg is released, progesterone levels rise to protect the uterine lining. This hormonal balance is crucial to prevent excessive tissue growth, which could lead to cancer. The increase in estrogen also activates LH, which helps the egg move from the ovaries to the uterus, while FSH begins the process of creating a new egg.

Why Do Mood Swings Occur During Menstruation?

Many girls experience premenstrual syndrome (PMS) due to hormonal changes. Symptoms can include breast tenderness, acne, fatigue, emotional sensitivity, and irritability. These symptoms are all linked to hormonal fluctuations. Bloating and gas are common, and some women may also experience digestive issues during their periods.

Is It Safe to Have Sex During Menstruation?

There are many myths regarding sexual activity during menstruation. Some believe that it can lead to impotence in men, which is entirely false. However, engaging in unprotected sex during this time can increase the risk of infections, just as it can at any other time.

Activities You Can Do During Your Period

Some women experience significant pain during their periods. However, if you feel well, you can engage in various activities such as reading, socializing with friends, working, jogging, watching movies, and even having sex.