Kathmandu Becomes Second Most Polluted City Globally

Recent data reveals that Kathmandu has rapidly deteriorated in air quality, now ranking as the second most polluted city worldwide. With an alarming AQI of 247, the situation poses severe health risks to its residents. PM2.5 particles, known for their ability to penetrate deep into the lungs and bloodstream, are a significant concern. The city's pollution crisis is exacerbated by emissions from vehicles, industries, and improper waste disposal. Understanding the implications of these pollution levels is crucial for public health and safety. Discover more about the factors contributing to this environmental challenge.

By Narendra Chaudhary Apr 23, 2026, 17:13 IST

Air Quality Deterioration in Kathmandu

According to data released by IQAir, Kathmandu has experienced a significant decline in air quality over the past 24 hours, making it the second most polluted city in the world. The Air Quality Index (AQI) in Kathmandu reached 247, placing it just behind Lahore, Pakistan, which topped the global list with an AQI of 381. An AQI level above 200 is considered very unhealthy and poses serious health risks to the general public.

Understanding PM2.5 and Its Risks

PM2.5 refers to particulate matter in the air that is less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter. It is one of the most dangerous pollutants, capable of entering the lungs and even the bloodstream through the nose and throat. These tiny particles can remain suspended in the air for extended periods, increasing the likelihood of inhalation by individuals.

Health Implications of Poor Air Quality

According to the Environmental Protection Agency's air quality index, readings between 151-200 are deemed unhealthy, affecting everyone and having more severe impacts on sensitive groups. When air quality levels reach between 201-300, it is classified as very unhealthy, increasing health risks for all residents in the area. Levels exceeding 300 are considered hazardous, indicating extremely poor air quality that poses serious health threats to everyone.

Kathmandu's Pollution Crisis

The capital of Nepal, Kathmandu, which spans an area of 413.69 square kilometers, has become a major hub of air pollution over the past decade. According to the 2022 census, the population stands at 1,988,606, with a density of 12,440 per square mile. Emissions from industries and households, vehicle exhaust, and the indiscriminate burning of waste are all contributing factors to the rising pollution levels. Vehicles that fail emission tests further exacerbate the pollution problem, adding to the industrial smoke.