Japanese Encephalitis Outbreak: Health Department Provides Update

The Health Department of Assam has reported a concerning shift in the Japanese encephalitis outbreak, with 10 fatalities and 134 cases confirmed. While the situation is better than in previous years, the disease is spreading to new areas. Health officials emphasize the importance of seeking medical attention for high fevers and highlight ongoing vaccination efforts. The outbreak typically occurs from May to August, coinciding with the rainy season. Proactive measures, including fogging and public education, are being implemented to combat the disease. Read on for more details on the current health crisis and preventive strategies.

By Narendra Chaudhary Jul 4, 2025, 11:19 IST

Current Situation of Japanese Encephalitis in Assam

Guwahati, July 4: Recent reports indicate that while there have been instances of Japanese encephalitis across various regions of the State, the Health Department assures that the situation is under control. However, it is noteworthy that the disease has begun to emerge in areas that were previously unaffected.

In a conversation with a representative from a local news outlet, Dr. Manoj Choudhury, Executive Director of the National Health Mission in Assam, confirmed that there have been 10 fatalities linked to Japanese encephalitis, with approximately 134 individuals affected. The districts most impacted include Nalbari, Barpeta, Jorhat, and Darrang. He emphasized that the current situation is significantly better compared to the previous two years, which saw a much higher mortality rate.

Dr. Choudhury explained that the disease is transmitted through mosquito bites. If mosquitoes feed on infected bovine animals such as cows and pigs and then bite humans, there is a risk of transmission. He noted that individuals who keep livestock close to their homes are particularly at risk.

The outbreak typically begins in May and lasts until August, coinciding with the rainy season. He advised that anyone experiencing high fever should seek medical attention promptly to determine if it is related to Japanese encephalitis.

In severe cases, the illness can lead to brain complications, resulting in unconsciousness. However, most patients tend to recover without extensive medical intervention. “It is crucial not to take any risks; individuals should consult healthcare professionals if they experience high fever. Testing and treatment for JE are provided free of charge at government hospitals,” he added.

Regarding the government's response to the outbreak, Dr. Choudhury mentioned that fogging operations were conducted in high-risk areas prior to the outbreak, and health workers have been educating households on the importance of using mosquito nets. However, he pointed out that the effectiveness of fogging is diminished during the rainy season, necessitating repeated applications.

When asked about the geographical shift of the disease, Dr. Choudhury acknowledged that while previous outbreaks were more prevalent in upper Assam, proactive measures by the Health Department have improved conditions in traditional JE regions, leading to the disease's spread into new areas in lower Assam, which is concerning.

On the topic of vaccination efforts, Dr. Choudhury stated that vaccination campaigns commence in September, as immediate vaccination is not effective. He noted that the central government supplies some vaccines, while the state also procures additional doses. He clarified that it is impractical to vaccinate the entire population and that vaccinations are targeted towards those in vulnerable areas, in accordance with government protocols.