Bangladesh's Anti-Terrorism Bill: A Step Towards Addressing ISI's Influence

Bangladesh's recent passage of the Anti-Terrorism (Amendment) Bill 2026 aims to combat terrorism but faces challenges from the deep-rooted influence of Pakistan's ISI. This article delves into ISI's historical activities in Bangladesh, its infiltration into various sectors, and the implications for national security. It also discusses the need for stronger legislation to counter foreign interference and the importance of strategic alliances in addressing these threats. As Bangladesh navigates its geopolitical landscape, the article raises critical questions about sovereignty and the future of its political stability.

By Narendra Chaudhary Apr 11, 2026, 20:25 IST

Bangladesh's Legislative Move Against Terrorism

The recent approval of the Anti-Terrorism (Amendment) Bill 2026 by Bangladesh's National Parliament marks a significant legislative action. This new law empowers the nation to prohibit any organization deemed involved in terrorist activities, allowing for the freezing of their assets and operations. While this legislative step is commendable, it is essential to recognize that enacting a law does not necessarily equate to resolving the underlying issues, especially when the challenges are far more extensive than what this bill addresses.

Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) has a deep-rooted involvement in Bangladesh, extending beyond mere observation to institutional engagement, leveraging its connections within the country.

ISI's Historical Activities in Bangladesh

To grasp the gravity of the situation, one must consider the events surrounding Sheikh Hasina's removal from power and the subsequent interim government led by Dr. Muhammad Yunus. Reports from former Awami League MP Bahauddin Nasim indicate that during this political shift, ISI's second-in-command arrived in Dhaka, accompanied by members of the Pakistani military. According to intelligence sources, they established an ISI Cell at the Pakistani High Commission in Dhaka, comprising a brigadier, two colonels, four majors, and representatives from the Navy and Air Force, all tasked with intelligence and surveillance operations in the Bay of Bengal.

Adding to the concern is the leak of a cable known as the Red Line Investigation, detailing ISI's activities in Dhaka. The document reveals that in March 2026, ISI officer Junaid Ahmad traveled from Lahore to Dhaka, where he met with prominent figures, including a notable Jamaat lawyer and former chief prosecutor of the International Crimes Tribunal. The investigation suggests that ISI has infiltrated various sectors in Bangladesh, including military, legal, and medical fields, and has been training operatives to create unrest in the region.

Pakistan's Ongoing Campaign Against Bangladesh

Understanding these issues requires a historical perspective, particularly the events of 1971, which continue to influence Bangladesh-Pakistan relations. The war resulted in significant loss of life and military surrender for Pakistan, yet some factions within the military establishment refuse to acknowledge this defeat.

ISI has consistently shown interest in the Jamaat-e-Islami political movement, which opposed Bangladesh's independence. The Red Line Investigation highlights ISI's ongoing involvement in activities against Bangladesh through Jamaat leaders, including infiltration into the Disappearance Commission to disseminate misinformation.

The Impact of Foreign Intelligence in Bangladesh

As discussed, ISI's influence permeates various sectors in Bangladesh, including politics, law enforcement, and media. Such foreign intelligence involvement can have severe implications, potentially corrupting military procurement processes and biasing media and legal proceedings. A notable example is the $180 million fighter helicopter procurement scandal, which involved high-ranking military officials and media representatives.

Furthermore, recent leaks suggest that Chinese intelligence is also monitoring ISI's activities in Dhaka, indicating a complex intelligence rivalry in which Bangladesh is an unwilling participant. This situation raises questions about Bangladesh's geopolitical stability.

Bangladesh's Strategic Position and Future Steps

India is significantly affected by this intelligence conflict, with claims that it contributes to cross-border infiltration in its northeastern states. While the violence in Bangladesh due to ISI's actions has not reached the levels seen in India, it poses a serious threat to national security and international investment.

Given its strategic location near the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh is a target for foreign intelligence operations. To safeguard its sovereignty, Bangladesh must take decisive actions, including the introduction of an Anti-Foreign Interference Act to address foreign intelligence activities directly.

While the Anti-Terrorism (Amendment) Bill 2026 is a positive step, it is insufficient in light of the broader challenges. The government must acknowledge the extent of ISI's operations and consider strengthening ties with India to counter shared threats in the region.

Ultimately, the gradual erosion of sovereignty can occur through small concessions, and Bangladesh must remain vigilant against such influences, reminiscent of the struggles faced during its Liberation War.