Operation Sindoor: India's Rafale Jets Make Their Mark in Precision Strikes
A Historic Strike by the Indian Air Force
In the early hours of May 7, 2025, the Indian Air Force (IAF) launched 'Operation Sindoor', executing a precise strike against terrorist facilities located in Pakistan and Pakistan-occupied Jammu and Kashmir. This operation marked the combat debut of India's Rafale fighter jets, which were equipped with SCALP cruise missiles and AASM Hammer bombs, successfully completing their mission in just 23 minutes.
Who manufactures the Rafale?
The Dassault Rafale, produced by the renowned French aerospace company Dassault Aviation, is a versatile 4.5-generation multi-role fighter jet celebrated for its combat effectiveness and adaptability.
In 2016, India entered into a government-to-government agreement with France to procure 36 Rafale jets for €7.8 billion. These aircraft were delivered between 2020 and 2022 and are currently stationed at Ambala in Haryana and Hasimara in West Bengal.
Rafale Variants: Current and Future Acquisitions
The IAF currently operates two variants of the Rafale: the Rafale B (two-seater) and the Rafale C (single-seater).
In July 2023, the Defence Acquisition Council approved the acquisition of 26 Rafale Marine (M) variants for the Indian Navy, designed for aircraft carrier operations on INS Vikrant, with expected deliveries by 2026.
Enhancements Tailored for India
- The Rafales acquired by India are not standard models; they feature 13 custom enhancements designed for Indian operational needs, including:
- Israeli Helmet-Mounted Display (HMD) for targeting without hands.
- Cold start capability for operations in high-altitude areas like Leh and Thoise.
- Advanced SPECTRA Electronic Warfare suite for jamming, threat detection, and deception.
- Long-range armaments, such as Meteor air-to-air missiles (over 150 km) and SCALP cruise missiles (exceeding 300 km range).
These upgrades significantly enhance the aircraft's operational capabilities in challenging airspace across diverse terrains, including mountainous regions.
Looking Ahead
Discussions are underway for local production: Dassault Aviation is negotiating with HAL and private Indian firms to boost the manufacturing of components under the Make in India initiative.
The IAF's demand for additional jets: With only 35 squadrons available against a requirement of 42, the IAF is considering acquiring 90 more multi-role fighters, with the Rafale being a leading candidate.
Naval deployment of twin carriers: With the Rafale M set to join INS Vikrant and potentially INS Vishal, India will become the only Asian nation to operate Rafale jets both on land and at sea.